Title

 

AGRO-RESIDUES AND MICROORGANISMS... JOINED TO SAVE THE PLANET.

 

 

Author

 

                                         

José Hernando Gomez Castiblanco

 

Source

UNPeriódico - publication of Colombia.'s National University -

 Ángela María Betancurt Jaramillo

UNdigital: un_periodico@unal.edu.co m

 

 

 

 

 

Summary

 

Plastic, of a by-product of the processing of the milk and to co-product of the manufacturing process of the biodiesel, they will replace the plastic ones made with derivatives of the oil.

To biopolymer, of use in the manufacture of packings for food, bottles, fibers and biomedical applications, candidate is considered to be a road surface for, to replace the plastic synthetic ones derived from the oil, with which produces to themselves today a great variety of articles.The material of minor cost and more amicable with the environment it will take place from waste produced by the industries, processing of lacteal and of the biodiesel.

 

Date of publication

 

Sunday, May 9, 2010

 

 

Format

x

News

 

Gallery

 

Interview

 

Article view

 

 

 

Container

 

The challenges of food and health

X

The environmental challenges

 

The new frontiers of matter and energy

 

The conquest of space

 

The Panamanian Human

 

The digital society

 

Other

Reference

 

 AGROINDUSTRIAL RESIDUES AND MICROORGANISMS ... JOINED TO SAVE THE PLANET.

José Hernando Gomez Castiblanco.

A manufacturer ball billiards in 1860 - Phelan and Collander before the severe and high costs of natural - ivory raw material to manufacture the -, billiard balls called contest, to find a substitute material. American inventor Wesley Hyatt, who participates in the competition - though it was not the winner he patent his invention as celluloid -first plastic with natural resins -, material that until today makes presence in the home, trade and industry in general. But the high costs of production, forced to seek, "alternatives" for its manufacture in 1909 American Belgian chemist Leo Hendrik Baekeland, synthesizes a polymer - from oil - trading interest. Of molecules of phenol and formaldehyde. For its readily and low cost, this synthetic polymer, became a very interesting option for enterprises, not pair environment. For its production requires large amounts of energy and derive considerable amounts of CO2 CO 2 - generator of greenhouse-. Additionally manufactured, objects with this plastic are not biodegradable. Once identified, the negative impact of synthetic plastics on the environment, begins the search for substitute materials that are less aggressive new look, leads us towards biopolymers natural [1]... The use of agro-industrial waste generated in the production of biodiesel and dairy, seem to open a new hope for the survival of our planet: ¨ origin natural.¨ plastics production A group of researchers from the National University of Colombia - seat Manizales-led by teachers, Carlos Higuita Vásquez and Carlos Ariel Cardona Alzate, directed study "HBP production [2] from agro-industrial waste." The process is performed through manipulation of micro-organisms that feed on glycerol - the process of manufacturing biodiesel - and whey - Coproduct byproduct of milk - processing and development known as "nutritional stress", they become biopolymers. This biopolymer accumulation in the cytoplasm of microorganisms, by way of nutritional subject - such as carbon-, becomes a source of HBP 2 . Once, reaches a maximum in the reserve, starts a process of separation, breaking the membranes of microorganisms, until you reach the place of storage of the polymer and using a solvent, isolating the HBP in its purest form. Obtained in this way a true "thermoplastic" developed with biotechnology, completely biodegradable. Despite being quite stable under normal conditions, its structure degrades slowly in the body, landfill or processes of compostación (the basic unit of the monomer HB is a normal part of the human blood). Thus the packaging of food, bottles, fibers and biomedical applications as sutures, drug metal dare body, tissue engineering, fixation of fractures and micro cell encapsulation among others, may be produced with biopolymers. Whey is one of the most polluting materials that exist in the food industry. Per 1,000 liters of whey generate near 35 kg (BOD) and about 68 kg chemical demand of oxygen (COD). This pollutant force is equivalent to of the wastewater produced in a day by 450 people (Jelen, 1979). Moreover, do not use whey as food is a huge waste of nutrients; whey contains slightly more than 25% of the proteins of milk, about 8% of the fat and about 95% of the lactose, at least 50% by weight of milk nutrients, they remain in the whey.

Source:http://unperiodico.unal.edu.co Un_periodico@unal.edu.co Bogota D.C. not. 133

 

Didactic proposal

Activities for students

1. Indicates which of the following statements are true and which false given, says the text on AGROINDUSTRIAL waste and MICRO-GANISMOS... TO SAVE THE PLANET.

 

(F)

V

The appearance of the first plastic occurs as a result of the conservationist and altruistic spirit of a manufacturer of billiard balls.

 

 

The appearance of the "first plastic" - natural resins - in history, due to scientific Wesley Hyatt who won the competition to replace the use of the ivory in billiard ball production

 

 

Economic interest motivates Hendrik Baekeland, to synthesize a polymer from oil, low cost and readily, replacing biopolymers.

 

 

For the production of polymers, require large amounts of energy and will derive considerable amounts of CO2 CO 2.

 

 

Global warming is a good ally in the process of production of biopolymers.

 

 

Natural biopolymer from four sources: animal, marine, agricultural or microbial.

 

 

The process is performed through manipulation of micro-organisms that feed on glycerol - the process of manufacturing biodiesel - and whey - Coproduct byproduct of milk processing

 

 

Per 1,000 litres of whey generate near 35 kg of dbo (COD) and about 68 kg chemical demand of oxygen (BOD).

 

 

A dairy industry produces, 2800 lts/journals of whey, wastes produced during 30 days are equivalent to the wastewater produced by 33,000 people.

 

 

HBP, accumulation in the cytoplasm of microorganisms, by way of nutritional - reserve as carbon-, is the source of the biopolymer.

 

 

 

Whey contains slightly more than 25% of the proteins of milk, about 8% of the fat and about 95% of the lactose, at least 50% by weight of milk nutrients, they remain in the whey.

 

 

Biotechnology, allows us to get a "thermoplastic" little biodegradable

 

 

 

2. Looking for information on processing of milk, derivatives and emphasizes the whey. .

3 Prepares a list of ideas that you are caused greater impact and prepares a paragraph justifying, the for... .

4 Find out the environmental impact that generate waste processing dairy and biofuels.

5 Deepens on biopolymers...

6 Find out of the so-called "nutritional stress"...

7. Develop a judicious and search according to your age, interests and level of knowledge about the natural ivory and elephant conservation.

8. For each of the following statements, placed a x , in the column corresponding, according to your opinion: agreement, disagreement or doubt.

Select two or three sentences of the Predictor game which seem remarkable (you are or not agree)

(with stated) and write a comment about them.

 

 

SPORTS LOTTERY ON AGROINDUSTRIAL RESIDUES AND MICROORGANISMS ... JOINED TO SAVE THE PLANET.

 

in prehistory

 

Of agreementO

IN

DOUBT

IN

DISAGREEMENT

One of the problems of our planet is warming, the irrational and wasteful use of electrical devices helps increase this problem.

 

 

 

The article, he proposed a solution, so using biotechnology, we provide solutions to the conservation of the planet.

 

 

 

-Commercial - economic interests have influenced, decision making, which run counter to the conservation of the planet.

 

 

 

The first plastic made from natural resins, was replaced by derivatives of petroleum, due to their high production costs

 

 

 

The replacement of oil as fuel, biofuels, creates environmental problems that deserve our attention.

 

 

 

Scientific research appears to be a very interesting tool to resolve much of the problems that threaten our planet.

 

 

 

In any project, should be examined very carefully both the benefits as the impact that can cause to the environment.

 

 

 

A very interesting development field seems to be, look closely at the industrial processes and look for possible uses for waste, so we down the negative impact of such waste on the environment.

 

 

 

 

Whey, containing many of the nutrients of milk dumped into rivers, is harmful to the environment and inconsistent with food shortages for many humans.

 

 

 

The different needs of mankind, of the history, appear to be a motivation for change and development of man.

 

 

 

 

 

PROPOSAL PEDAGOGY

Suggestions for teachers

 

- Of the proposed activities should choose and if possible - gradually raise the complexity level in it which will apply this material. This is why a prior to their application reading would be interesting.

 

- Although the proposed activity can adapt, for their application to different methodologies suggested, this is developed using a cooperative work / collaborative [i], - work which allows among other things, develop leadership skills, construction of knowledge among peers, give step to a real dialogue with the encourage you to allow a real and rewarding feedback - and thus eliminate some of the variables that have been constituted in generational barriers that undoubtedly affect the processes of teaching, learning.

- For the realization of cooperative work suggests:

 

a. Organize the learners, in teams of 5 people.

b. Appoint a team - coordinator organizes and promotes arrangements for the strategies to be followed for the preparation of the work.

c. A time - controller should ensure efficiency and effectiveness in the activity-

d. A narrator, who was in charge to make records of agreements and developments of the team.

e. A Coordinator that serve of speaker with the others equipments 

 

 

[1]Natural biopolymers come from four major sources: animal (collagen / gelatin), marine origin (chitin/quitosan), agricultural origin (lipids and fats and hydrocolloids: proteins and polysaccharides) and microbial origin (poliláctico acid (PLA) and polihidroxialcanoatos (PHA)) (Tharanathan, 2003).

2 The HBP and its copolymers with polihidroxivaleriato (HSP) are thermoplastic semi-crystalline conformables by Fusion produced by biological fermentation of carbohydrates renewable.

 

[i] the cooperation does not mean: a. assign work to a group for what made him a Member

. b. cannot ask for individual tasks and those who are first help others.

c. isn't a single share resources...

 

.